The Palazzo dei Congressi, formally designated as the Palazzo dei Ricevimenti e dei Congressi, is located in Rome's EUR district. Construction of the building commenced in 1938 under architect Adalberto Libera. It was originally planned as a venue for the 1942 Universal Exposition, an event that was ultimately canceled due to World War II. By 1943 the basic structural elements had been erected, though work was suspended during the war period. Following the 1943 armistice, the structure was utilized sequentially as a military camp for German and later Allied forces, and subsequently served as temporary housing for displaced persons. The structure was finally completed in 1954.

The building's design follows the principles of rationalist architecture. This architectural approach was commonly employed for government and institutional buildings during this historical period. The building has accommodated various political assemblies, including congresses of the Italian Communist Party and the Christian Democracy party during the 1960s and 1970s. During the 1960 Summer Olympics, the venue housed fencing competitions and the fencing segment of the modern pentathlon.Its current function is primarily as a venue for exhibitions, seminars and similar events.