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Xuancheng Guangjiao Monastery Twin Pagodas
Xuancheng, Anhui, China
At the southern foot of Jingting Mountain in Anhui Province, two brick pagodas stand exactly 26.9 meters apart. They are the sole survivors of the historic Guangjiao Temple complex. Originally established in 849 during the Tang dynasty by the Chan master Huangbo Xiyun, the temple was a major center of Buddhist worship. The twin pagodas were added centuries later, in 1096, during the Northern Song dynasty. Over the next millennium, the surrounding halls and pavilions were repeatedly leveled by conflict, culminating in the devastating destruction of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937. Through all this violence, the twin pagodas remained standing.
Today, these nearly 18-meter-tall structures offer a rare physical record of Chinese architectural evolution. They function as seven-story, imitation-wood pavilion-style brick towers. Their design represents a unique synthesis of two distinct eras. The square floor plan carries the heavy, grounded aesthetic of the Tang dynasty, while the brick-carved brackets, beams, and integrated wooden frameworks showcase the refined engineering of the Song dynasty. The exterior walls feature round arched doors, Baoxiang floral motifs, and hundreds of brick-carved Buddhist figures.
Inside, the pagodas are hollow, originally fitted with wooden floors and staircases that allowed monks to ascend. Hidden within the second level of these restricted interiors lies another remarkable artifact: stone steles inscribed with the 'Sutra of the Dharani of the Wish-Fulfilling Wheel of Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva.' These steles bear the calligraphy of the renowned Song dynasty scholar Su Shi, dated to 1081, adding a layer of profound literary and artistic value to the site.
Recognized as the only existing pair of twin pagodas from the Song dynasty in China, the Guangjiao Monastery Twin Pagodas serve as a quiet anchor to the past. They invite visitors to observe the resilience of ancient masonry and the enduring legacy of the artisans who shaped them.